FM / doc

/usr/share/vim/vim82/doc

Name	Size	Mode	Actions
arabic.txt	12204	0644	edit dl rm
autocmd.txt	74314	0644	edit dl rm
builtin.txt	389075	0644	edit dl rm
change.txt	79214	0644	edit dl rm
channel.txt	50387	0644	edit dl rm
cmdline.txt	50130	0644	edit dl rm
debug.txt	6896	0644	edit dl rm
debugger.txt	5443	0644	edit dl rm
develop.txt	22861	0644	edit dl rm
diff.txt	17515	0644	edit dl rm
digraph.txt	62082	0644	edit dl rm
editing.txt	75319	0644	edit dl rm
eval.txt	178282	0644	edit dl rm
farsi.txt	523	0644	edit dl rm
filetype.txt	27998	0644	edit dl rm
fold.txt	24139	0644	edit dl rm
ft_ada.txt	18246	0644	edit dl rm
ft_ps1.txt	2187	0644	edit dl rm
ft_raku.txt	4183	0644	edit dl rm
ft_rust.txt	9596	0644	edit dl rm
ft_sql.txt	30697	0644	edit dl rm
gui.txt	53076	0644	edit dl rm
gui_w32.txt	19117	0644	edit dl rm
gui_x11.txt	29906	0644	edit dl rm
hangulin.txt	598	0644	edit dl rm
hebrew.txt	5666	0644	edit dl rm
help.txt	9098	0644	edit dl rm
help.txt.vim-tiny	1431	0644	edit dl rm
helphelp.txt	15933	0644	edit dl rm
howto.txt	2916	0644	edit dl rm
if_cscop.txt	19325	0644	edit dl rm
if_lua.txt	18546	0644	edit dl rm
if_mzsch.txt	11941	0644	edit dl rm
if_ole.txt	7361	0644	edit dl rm
if_perl.txt	11281	0644	edit dl rm
if_pyth.txt	38644	0644	edit dl rm
if_ruby.txt	8516	0644	edit dl rm
if_sniff.txt	271	0644	edit dl rm
if_tcl.txt	22941	0644	edit dl rm
indent.txt	41902	0644	edit dl rm
index.txt	81125	0644	edit dl rm
insert.txt	87568	0644	edit dl rm
intro.txt	38934	0644	edit dl rm
map.txt	74464	0644	edit dl rm
mbyte.txt	59640	0644	edit dl rm
message.txt	31671	0644	edit dl rm
mlang.txt	8187	0644	edit dl rm
motion.txt	51891	0644	edit dl rm
netbeans.txt	37982	0644	edit dl rm
options.txt	401254	0644	edit dl rm
os_390.txt	4749	0644	edit dl rm
os_amiga.txt	5466	0644	edit dl rm
os_beos.txt	293	0644	edit dl rm
os_dos.txt	15496	0644	edit dl rm
os_haiku.txt	8496	0644	edit dl rm
os_mac.txt	6856	0644	edit dl rm
os_mint.txt	391	0644	edit dl rm
os_msdos.txt	523	0644	edit dl rm
os_os2.txt	299	0644	edit dl rm
os_qnx.txt	4071	0644	edit dl rm
os_risc.txt	328	0644	edit dl rm
os_unix.txt	2603	0644	edit dl rm
os_vms.txt	32903	0644	edit dl rm
os_win32.txt	14404	0644	edit dl rm
pattern.txt	62949	0644	edit dl rm
pi_getscript.txt	21082	0644	edit dl rm
pi_gzip.txt	1294	0644	edit dl rm
pi_logipat.txt	4196	0644	edit dl rm
pi_netrw.txt	181824	0644	edit dl rm
pi_paren.txt	2274	0644	edit dl rm
pi_spec.txt	4127	0644	edit dl rm
pi_tar.txt	7247	0644	edit dl rm
pi_vimball.txt	11859	0644	edit dl rm
pi_zip.txt	7491	0644	edit dl rm
popup.txt	39689	0644	edit dl rm
print.txt	31209	0644	edit dl rm
quickfix.txt	83331	0644	edit dl rm
quickref.txt	72492	0644	edit dl rm
quotes.txt	12748	0644	edit dl rm
README.Debian	324	0644	edit dl rm
recover.txt	10720	0644	edit dl rm
remote.txt	8420	0644	edit dl rm
repeat.txt	43565	0644	edit dl rm
rileft.txt	4938	0644	edit dl rm
russian.txt	3024	0644	edit dl rm
scroll.txt	13781	0644	edit dl rm
sign.txt	26870	0644	edit dl rm
spell.txt	64095	0644	edit dl rm
sponsor.txt	6803	0644	edit dl rm
starting.txt	73599	0644	edit dl rm
syntax.txt	229795	0644	edit dl rm
tabpage.txt	17248	0644	edit dl rm
tags	362670	0644	edit dl rm
tags.vim-tiny	30	0644	edit dl rm
tagsrch.txt	40278	0644	edit dl rm
term.txt	49822	0644	edit dl rm
terminal.txt	57098	0644	edit dl rm
testing.txt	16678	0644	edit dl rm
textprop.txt	16395	0644	edit dl rm
tips.txt	21089	0644	edit dl rm
todo.txt	307147	0644	edit dl rm
uganda.txt	14028	0644	edit dl rm
undo.txt	16584	0644	edit dl rm
usr_01.txt	7081	0644	edit dl rm
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usr_12.txt	13433	0644	edit dl rm
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usr_45.txt	17688	0644	edit dl rm
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usr_90.txt	16836	0644	edit dl rm
usr_toc.txt	9505	0644	edit dl rm
various.txt	31483	0644	edit dl rm
version4.txt	13911	0644	edit dl rm
version5.txt	308533	0644	edit dl rm
version6.txt	576942	0644	edit dl rm
version7.txt	674703	0644	edit dl rm
version8.txt	1940466	0644	edit dl rm
vim9.txt	68612	0644	edit dl rm
visual.txt	21846	0644	edit dl rm
vi_diff.txt	57428	0644	edit dl rm
windows.txt	55898	0644	edit dl rm
workshop.txt	371	0644	edit dl rm

Edit: /usr/share/vim/vim82/doc/usr_22.txt (14999B)

*usr_22.txt*	For Vim version 8.2.  Last change: 2020 Mar 28

VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar

Finding the file to edit

Files can be found everywhere.  So how do you find them?  Vim offers various
ways to browse the directory tree.  There are commands to jump to a file that
is mentioned in another.  And Vim remembers which files have been edited
before.

|22.1|	The file browser
|22.2|	The current directory
|22.3|	Finding a file
|22.4|	The buffer list

==============================================================================
*22.1*	The file browser

Vim has a plugin that makes it possible to edit a directory.  Try this: >

:edit .

Through the magic of autocommands and Vim scripts, the window will be filled
with the contents of the directory.  It looks like this:

" ============================================================================ ~
" Netrw Directory Listing                                        (netrw v109) ~
"   Sorted by      name ~
"   Sort sequence: [\/]$,\.h$,\.c$,\.cpp$,*,\.info$,\.swp$,\.o$\.obj$,\.bak$ ~
"   Quick Help: <F1>:help  -:go up dir  D:delete  R:rename  s:sort-by  x:exec ~
" ============================================================================ ~
../ ~
./ ~
check/ ~
Makefile ~
autocmd.txt ~
change.txt ~
eval.txt~ ~
filetype.txt~ ~
help.txt.info ~

You can see these items:

1.  The name of the browsing tool and its version number
2.  The name of the browsing directory
3.  The method of sorting (may be by name, time, or size)
4.  How names are to be sorted (directories first, then *.h files,
    *.c files, etc)
5.  How to get help (use the <F1> key), and an abbreviated listing
    of available commands
6.  A listing of files, including "../", which allows one to list
    the parent directory.

If you have syntax highlighting enabled, the different parts are highlighted
so as to make it easier to spot them.

You can use Normal mode Vim commands to move around in the text.  For example,
move the cursor atop a file and press <Enter>; you will then be editing that
file.  To go back to the browser use ":edit ." again, or use ":Explore".
CTRL-O also works.

Try using <Enter> while the cursor is atop a directory name.  The result is
that the file browser moves into that directory and displays the items found
there.  Pressing <Enter> on the first directory "../" moves you one level
higher.  Pressing "-" does the same thing, without the need to move to the
"../" item first.

You can press <F1> to get help on the things you can do in the netrw file
browser.  This is what you get: >

9. Directory Browsing	 netrw-browse   netrw-dir   netrw-list   netrw-help

The <F1> key thus brings you to a netrw directory browsing contents help page.
It's a regular help page; use the usual |CTRL-]| to jump to tagged help items
and |CTRL-O| to jump back.

To select files for display and editing: (with the cursor is atop a filename)

The following normal-mode commands may be used to control the browser display:

i		Controls listing style (thin, long, wide, and tree).
			The long listing includes size and date information.
	s		Repeatedly pressing s will change the way the files
			are sorted; one may sort on name, modification time,
			or size.
	r		Reverse the sorting order.

As a sampling of extra normal-mode commands:

cd		Change Vim's notion of the current directory to be
			the same as the browser directory.  (see
			|g:netrw_keepdir| to control this, too)
	R		Rename the file or directory under the cursor; a
			prompt will be issued for the new name.
	D		Delete the file or directory under the cursor; a
			confirmation request will be issued.
	mb gb		Make bookmark/goto bookmark

One may also use command mode; again, just a sampling:

:Explore [directory]	Browse specified/current directory
	:NetrwSettings		A comprehensive list of your current netrw
				settings with help linkage.

The netrw browser is not limited to just your local machine; one may use
urls such as:    (that trailing / is important)

:Explore ftp://somehost/path/to/dir/
	:e scp://somehost/path/to/dir/

See |netrw-browse| for more.

==============================================================================
*22.2*	The current directory

Just like the shell, Vim has the concept of a current directory.  Suppose you
are in your home directory and want to edit several files in a directory
"VeryLongFileName".  You could do: >

:edit VeryLongFileName/file1.txt
	:edit VeryLongFileName/file2.txt
	:edit VeryLongFileName/file3.txt

To avoid much of the typing, do this: >

:cd VeryLongFileName
	:edit file1.txt
	:edit file2.txt
	:edit file3.txt

The ":cd" command changes the current directory.  You can see what the current
directory is with the ":pwd" command: >

:pwd
	/home/Bram/VeryLongFileName

Vim remembers the last directory that you used.  Use "cd -" to go back to it.
Example: >

:pwd
	/home/Bram/VeryLongFileName
	:cd /etc
	:pwd
	/etc
	:cd -
	:pwd
	/home/Bram/VeryLongFileName
	:cd -
	:pwd
	/etc

WINDOW LOCAL DIRECTORY

When you split a window, both windows use the same current directory.  When
you want to edit a number of files somewhere else in the new window, you can
make it use a different directory, without changing the current directory in
the other window.  This is called a local directory. >

:pwd
	/home/Bram/VeryLongFileName
	:split
	:lcd /etc
	:pwd
	/etc
	CTRL-W w
	:pwd
	/home/Bram/VeryLongFileName

So long as no `:lcd` command has been used, all windows share the same current
directory.  Doing a `:cd` command in one window will also change the current
directory of the other window.
   For a window where `:lcd` has been used a different current directory is
remembered.  Using `:cd` or `:lcd` in other windows will not change it.
   When using a `:cd` command in a window that uses a different current
directory, it will go back to using the shared directory.

TAB LOCAL DIRECTORY

When you open a new tab page, it uses the directory of the window in the
previous tab page from which the new tab page was opened. You can change the
directory of the current tab page using the `:tcd` command. All the windows in
a tab page share this directory except for windows with a window-local
directory. Any new windows opened in this tab page will use this directory as
the current working directory. Using a `:cd` command in a tab page will not
change the working directory of tab pages which have a tab local directory.
When the global working directory is changed using the `:cd` command in a tab
page, it will also change the current tab page working directory.

==============================================================================
*22.3*	Finding a file

You are editing a C program that contains this line:

#include "inits.h" ~

You want to see what is in that "inits.h" file.  Move the cursor on the name
of the file and type: >

Vim will find the file and edit it.
   What if the file is not in the current directory?  Vim will use the 'path'
option to find the file.  This option is a list of directory names where to
look for your file.
   Suppose you have your include files located in "c:/prog/include".  This
command will add it to the 'path' option: >

:set path+=c:/prog/include

This directory is an absolute path.  No matter where you are, it will be the
same place.  What if you have located files in a subdirectory, below where the
file is?  Then you can specify a relative path name.  This starts with a dot:
>
	:set path+=./proto

This tells Vim to look in the directory "proto", below the directory where the
file in which you use "gf" is.  Thus using "gf" on "inits.h" will make Vim
look for "proto/inits.h", starting in the directory of the file.
   Without the "./", thus "proto", Vim would look in the "proto" directory
below the current directory.  And the current directory might not be where the
file that you are editing is located.

The 'path' option allows specifying the directories where to search for files
in many more ways.  See the help on the 'path' option.
   The 'isfname' option is used to decide which characters are included in the
file name, and which ones are not (e.g., the " character in the example
above).

When you know the file name, but it's not to be found in the file, you can
type it: >

:find inits.h

Vim will then use the 'path' option to try and locate the file.  This is the
same as the ":edit" command, except for the use of 'path'.

To open the found file in a new window use CTRL-W f instead of "gf", or use
":sfind" instead of ":find".

A nice way to directly start Vim to edit a file somewhere in the 'path': >

vim "+find stdio.h"

This finds the file "stdio.h" in your value of 'path'.  The quotes are
necessary to have one argument |-+c|.

==============================================================================
*22.4*	The buffer list

The Vim editor uses the term buffer to describe a file being edited.
Actually, a buffer is a copy of the file that you edit.  When you finish
changing the buffer, you write the contents of the buffer to the file.
Buffers not only contain file contents, but also all the marks, settings, and
other stuff that goes with it.

HIDDEN BUFFERS

Suppose you are editing the file one.txt and need to edit the file two.txt.
You could simply use ":edit two.txt", but since you made changes to one.txt
that won't work.  You also don't want to write one.txt yet.  Vim has a
solution for you: >

:hide edit two.txt

The buffer "one.txt" disappears from the screen, but Vim still knows that you
are editing this buffer, so it keeps the modified text.  This is called a
hidden buffer: The buffer contains text, but you can't see it.
   The argument of ":hide" is another command.  ":hide" makes that command
behave as if the 'hidden' option was set.  You could also set this option
yourself.  The effect is that when any buffer is abandoned, it becomes hidden.
   Be careful!  When you have hidden buffers with changes, don't exit Vim
without making sure you have saved all the buffers.

INACTIVE BUFFERS

When a buffer has been used once, Vim remembers some information about it.
When it is not displayed in a window and it is not hidden, it is still in the
buffer list.  This is called an inactive buffer.  Overview:

Active		Appears in a window, text loaded.
   Hidden		Not in a window, text loaded.
   Inactive		Not in a window, no text loaded.

The inactive buffers are remembered, because Vim keeps information about them,
like marks.  And remembering the file name is useful too, so that you can see
which files you have edited.  And edit them again.

LISTING BUFFERS

View the buffer list with this command: >

:buffers

A command which does the same, is not so obvious to list buffers, but is much
shorter to type: >

:ls

The output could look like this:

1 #h   "help.txt"			line 62 ~
  2 %a + "usr_21.txt"			line 1 ~
  3      "usr_toc.txt"			line 1 ~

The first column contains the buffer number.  You can use this to edit the
buffer without having to type the name, see below.
   After the buffer number come the flags.  Then the name of the file
and the line number where the cursor was the last time.
   The flags that can appear are these (from left to right):

u	Buffer is unlisted |unlisted-buffer|.
	 %	Current buffer.
	 #	Alternate buffer.
	  a	Buffer is loaded and displayed.
	  h	Buffer is loaded but hidden.
	   =	Buffer is read-only.
	   -	Buffer is not modifiable, the 'modifiable' option is off.
	    +	Buffer has been modified.

EDITING A BUFFER

You can edit a buffer by its number.  That avoids having to type the file
name: >

:buffer 2

But the only way to know the number is by looking in the buffer list.  You can
use the name, or part of it, instead: >

:buffer help

Vim will find the best match for the name you type.  If there is only one
buffer that matches the name, it will be used.  In this case "help.txt".
   To open a buffer in a new window: >

:sbuffer 3

This works with a name as well.

USING THE BUFFER LIST

You can move around in the buffer list with these commands:

:bnext		go to next buffer
	:bprevious	go to previous buffer
	:bfirst		go to the first buffer
	:blast		go to the last buffer

To remove a buffer from the list, use this command: >

:bdelete 3

Again, this also works with a name.
   If you delete a buffer that was active (visible in a window), that window
will be closed.  If you delete the current buffer, the current window will be
closed.  If it was the last window, Vim will find another buffer to edit.  You
can't be editing nothing!

Note:
	Even after removing the buffer with ":bdelete" Vim still remembers it.
	It's actually made "unlisted", it no longer appears in the list from
	":buffers".  The ":buffers!" command will list unlisted buffers (yes,
	Vim can do the impossible).  To really make Vim forget about a buffer,
	use ":bwipe".  Also see the 'buflisted' option.

==============================================================================

Next chapter: |usr_23.txt|  Editing other files

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